Bolus General
General information and frequently asked questions about bolus products
What is a bolus?
A bolus is a large tablet-form veterinary product administered orally to cattle. They typically contain vitamins, minerals, or active pharmaceutical ingredients. They are swallowed through the animal's mouth using special applicators and dissolve in the stomach to take effect.
How is a bolus administered?
A bolus is administered using a special bolus applicator (bolus gun). The animal is restrained and its head is slightly raised. The applicator is inserted from the side of the mouth, behind the teeth, and the bolus is placed on the tongue to be swallowed. You must ensure that the animal has swallowed the bolus.
When should a bolus be given?
The timing of administration varies depending on the type of bolus:
• **Calcium bolus:** 12-24 hours before calving and within the first 12-24 hours after calving
• **Energy bolus:** During the first week after calving
• **Phosphorus bolus:** In cases of downer cow
• **Performance bolus:** During dry period transitions and stress periods
• **Calcium bolus:** 12-24 hours before calving and within the first 12-24 hours after calving
• **Energy bolus:** During the first week after calving
• **Phosphorus bolus:** In cases of downer cow
• **Performance bolus:** During dry period transitions and stress periods
What are the risks of giving a bolus?
When administered correctly, a bolus is safe. However, the following precautions should be observed:
• Do not administer to animals with swallowing difficulties
• Do not administer orally to unconscious animals
• Use the applicator carefully to avoid damaging soft tissue
• Ensure that the bolus has been swallowed
• Do not administer to animals with swallowing difficulties
• Do not administer orally to unconscious animals
• Use the applicator carefully to avoid damaging soft tissue
• Ensure that the bolus has been swallowed
How should bolus products be stored?
Bolus products should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Storage below 25°C is generally recommended. They should be kept in their original packaging and care should be taken to prevent moisture absorption. The expiration date should be checked.
How quickly does a bolus take effect?
The onset of action varies depending on the type of bolus. Calcium boluses generally begin to take effect within 30 minutes to 2 hours. Energy boluses provide rapid absorption. Slow-release boluses can remain effective for days or even weeks.
Can multiple boluses be given at the same time?
Yes, different types of boluses can be given at the same time. For example, calcium and energy boluses can be administered together during the postpartum period. However, excessive doses of the same type should not be given. Always follow the dosage instructions on the product label.